he precise etymology of "Assam" is unknown. In the classical period and up to the 12th century the region east of the Karatoya river, largely congruent to present-day Assam, was called Kamarupa, and alternatively, Pragjyotisha.[5] In medieval times the Mughals used Kamrup[6] and Asham, and during British colonialism, the English used Assam. Though many authors have associated the name with the 13th century Shan invaders[7] the precise origin of the name is not clear. It was suggested by some that the Sanskrit word Asama ("unequalled", "peerless", etc.) was the root, which has been rejected by Kakati,[8] and more recent authors have concurred that it is a latter-day Sanskritization of a native name."[9] Among possible origins are Tai (A-Cham)[10] and Bodo (Ha-Sam).[11]
| Assam অসম | ||
|---|---|---|
| State | ||
| ||
 Location of Assam in India | ||
 Map of Assam | ||
| Coordinates (Dispur): 26.14°N 91.77°ECoordinates: 26.14°N 91.77°E | ||
| Country |  India | |
| Region | Northeast India | |
| Established | 1912 (Assam Province - British India), 15 August 1947(Assam - Independent India) | |
| Capital | Dispur | |
| Largest city Largest metro | Guwahati | |
| Districts | 27 | |
| Government[*] | ||
| • Body | Government of Assam | |
| • Governor | J B Patnaik | |
| • Chief Minister | Tarun Gogoi (INC) | |
| • Legislature | Unicameral (126 seats) | |
| • Parliamentary constituency | 14 | |
| • High Court | Gauhati High Court | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 78,550 km2 (30,330 sq mi) | |
| Area rank | 16th | |
| Population (2011) | ||
| • Total | 31,169,272 | |
| • Rank | 14th | |
| • Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+06:30) | |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-AS | |
| HDI |  0.534 (medium) | |
| HDI rank | 22nd (2005) | |
| Literacy | 73.18% (26th)[1] | |
| Official languages | Assamese (Asamiya), Bengali (in Barak Valley), Bodo (in Bodoland) | |
| Website | assam.gov.in | |
^[*] Assam has had a legislature since 1937
^[*] Assam is one of the original provinces of British India | ||
| Language | Assamese |
|---|---|
| Song | অ’ মোৰ আপোনাৰ দেশ (O my endearing motherland) (Adopted in 1927) |
| Dance | Bihu |
| Animal | Gônr One-horned rhinoceros |
| Bird | DeohaanhWhite-winged Wood Duck |
| Flower | Kopou Phul Foxtail Orchids |
| Tree | Hûlûng Dipterocarpus macrocarpus |
| River | Brahmaputra |
Assam ([æˈsæm], 
pronunciation (help·info); Assamese: অসম Ôxôm, /ɔxɔm/) is a state of India in the north-eastern region. Its capital is Dispur, located within the municipal area of Guwahati city. Located south of the eastern Himalayas, Assam comprises the Brahmaputra and the Barak river valleys along with the Karbi Anglong and the North Cachar Hills with an area of 30,285 square miles (78,438 km²). Assam is surrounded by six of the other Seven Sister States: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya. Geographically Assam and these states are connected to the rest of India via a narrow strip of land in West Bengal called the Siliguri Corridor or "Chicken's Neck".[2]
pronunciation (help·info); Assamese: অসম Ôxôm, /ɔxɔm/) is a state of India in the north-eastern region. Its capital is Dispur, located within the municipal area of Guwahati city. Located south of the eastern Himalayas, Assam comprises the Brahmaputra and the Barak river valleys along with the Karbi Anglong and the North Cachar Hills with an area of 30,285 square miles (78,438 km²). Assam is surrounded by six of the other Seven Sister States: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya. Geographically Assam and these states are connected to the rest of India via a narrow strip of land in West Bengal called the Siliguri Corridor or "Chicken's Neck".[2]
Assam shares international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh; and cultures, peoples and climate with South-East Asia – important elements in India’s Look East policy.[3] Assam became a part of the British India after the British occupied the region following the First Anglo-Burmese War of 1824–1826.
Assam is rich in culture, ethnic groups, languages/dialacts spoken and literature. It is known for Assam tea, large and old petroleum resources (the first oil reserves of India were discovered in Assam in the late 19th century), Assam silk and for its rich biodiversity. Assam has successfully conserved the one-horned Indian rhinoceros from near extinction, along with the tiger and numerous species of birds, and it provides one of the last wild habitats for the Asian elephant. It is becoming an increasingly popular destination for wildlife tourism, and Kaziranga and Manas are bothWorld Heritage Sites.[4] Assam was also known for its Sal tree forests and forest products, much depleted now. A land of high rainfall, Assam is endowed with lush greenery and the mighty river Brahmaputra, whose tributaries and oxbow lakes provide the region with a unique hydro-geomorphic and aesthetic environment.
Assam is rich in culture,
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